322 moderately obese employees of a research centre were assigned randomly to 3 different diets : low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean and low-fat diets over a 2-year period with support from the workplace. Researchers found that those on low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets lost about 10 pounds while those on low-fat diet an average of 6.4 pounds.
They also found that participants who followed low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets had better cardiovascular health than those in the low-fat group. For people with cholestero, low-carbohydrate diet seemed best, for those with diabetes, the Mediterranean diet. Critics say it is not clear whether individuals would have the same results without workplace support.
Source: "Weight Loss with a Low-Carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or Low-Fat Diet." New England Journal of Medicine 2008; 359:229-241
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